Restoring American Mineral Security Act of 2025

This bill establishes a Critical Minerals Security Alliance to create a reliable supply chain for critical minerals and select derivative products, and it increases duties on such products from foreign countries of concern while creating a trust fund to support U.S. mining and processing projects.

Sec. 3, Definitions: Defines key terms including "critical mineral" (based on the Energy Act of 2020 list), "derivative product" (goods incorporating a critical mineral, like semiconductors or batteries), "foreign country of concern" (including Venezuela), "foreign entity of concern", "processed" (activities from ore extraction to metal conversion), and "select derivative product" (permanent magnets, lithium-ion batteries for vehicles, and certain battery parts).

Sec. 4, Critical Minerals Security Alliance: Authorizes the U.S. Trade Representative to negotiate an alliance with countries that meet eligibility criteria, such as increasing duties on critical minerals from foreign countries of concern, eliminating duties among alliance members, and cooperating on trade remedies. The Trade Representative must certify eligible countries, and agreements take effect after congressional review (approval or 90-day disapproval period). Duty-free treatment applies to imports from member countries, and the Trade Representative must conduct triennial reviews and submit annual reports on engagement and member capacities.

Sec. 5, Increase in Duties on Imports from Foreign Countries of Concern: Upon the first alliance agreement taking effect, mined and processed critical minerals and select derivative products from foreign countries of concern will face the same duty rate as those from China under section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 as of January 1, 2026.

Sec. 6, Trust Fund to Support U.S. Critical Mineral Mining and Processing Projects: Establishes a trust fund in the Treasury, funded by duties collected on imported critical minerals. Funds are allocated: 60% to the Department of Energy's Loan Programs Office for mining, processing, or select derivative product projects; 20% to the Department of Defense for similar projects; and 20% to the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation for international critical mineral projects in alliance member countries, with exceptions to certain restrictions for upper-middle or high-income economies.