Future of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Act of 2024

This bill establishes voluntary artificial intelligence (AI) standards, metrics, and evaluation tools, supports AI research and development, and promotes innovation for companies of all sizes. It creates an AI Safety Institute, testbed programs, and international cooperation efforts, while also addressing research security and regulatory barriers.

Sec. 100, Definitions: Defines key terms used in the bill, including 'artificial intelligence,' 'artificial intelligence model,' 'artificial intelligence system,' 'critical infrastructure,' and 'Federal laboratory,' referencing existing laws.

Sec. 101, Artificial Intelligence Safety Institute: Amends the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act to establish an AI Safety Institute, defining terms like 'AI blue-teaming' and 'AI red-teaming' for security evaluations.

Sec. 102, Interagency coordination and program to facilitate artificial intelligence testbeds: Requires the Under Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of Energy, with the Director of the National Science Foundation, to create a testbed program within one year to support partnerships for testing and evaluating AI systems.

Sec. 103, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Energy testbed to identify, test, and synthesize new materials: Allows the use of the testbed program to advance materials science and energy storage using AI, autonomous labs, and emerging technologies, with support for algorithms and public-private partnerships.

Sec. 104, Coordination, reimbursement, and savings provisions: Ensures no duplication of activities with Department of Energy research entities, requires reimbursable agreements for resources provided, allows waivers, and clarifies that the subtitle does not modify existing AI law.

Sec. 105, Progress report: Requires the Under Secretary to submit a report to Congress within one year on implementing sections 102 and 103, including details on agreements and deliverables.

Sec. 111, International coalitions on innovation, development, and alignment of standards with respect to artificial intelligence: Directs the Under Secretary and Secretary of Energy to lead international information exchange and form alliances to support private-sector AI standards development and adoption.

Sec. 121, Comptroller General of the United States identification of risks and obstacles relating to artificial intelligence and Federal agencies: Requires a report within one year on regulatory impediments to AI innovation, including examples of statutes and recommendations for action.

Sec. 201, Public data for artificial intelligence systems: Amends the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act to require a list of priorities for Federal investment in curated public data for AI training, prioritizing data in the public interest.

Sec. 202, Federal grand challenges in artificial intelligence: Establishes a program to award prizes for AI research that solves specific challenges, to be set up within one year.

Sec. 301, Research security: Requires all activities under the bill to follow existing research security laws.

Sec. 302, Expansion of authority to hire critical technical experts: Increases the limit on hiring critical technical experts at the National Institute of Standards and Technology from 15 to 30, and extends the authority until December 30, 2035.

Sec. 303, Foundation for Standards and Metrology: Establishes a nonprofit foundation to support the National Institute of Standards and Technology in advancing measurement science and technical standards.

Sec. 304, Prohibition on certain policies relating to the use of artificial intelligence or other automated systems: Requires a technology directive within 7 days prohibiting Federal agency policies that promote concepts like racial superiority or that the U.S. is fundamentally racist.

Sec. 305, Certifications and audits of temporary fellows: Defines terms related to temporary fellows working on critical technologies and requires certifications and audits for their work.